利盈娱乐(中国)创新平台有限公司

LED驱(qu)动(dong)芯(xin)片，实践上是个PWM控制(zhi)芯(xin)片，在组成电(dian)(dian)(dian)路正(zheng)常工作后，经过后面电(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)检(jian)测电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)上检(jian)测LED的电(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)而得(de)到的电(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)反应到芯(xin)片，控制(zhi)内部的PWM占(zhan)空比，以(yi)顺应LED本身特性变(bian)化而惹起的电(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)、电(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)动(dong)摇(yao)，使(shi)LED得(de)到的电(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)坚持(chi)恒(heng)定。

一、LED 驱动电路供电类型

依(yi)据供电(dian)(dian)电(dian)(dian)压(ya)的不(bu)同可将驱(qu)(qu)动(dong)电(dian)(dian)路(lu)分为两类： 直流供电(dian)(dian)的低电(dian)(dian)压(ya)（0.8—1.65V）电(dian)(dian)池(chi)（如(ru)钮扣(kou)电(dian)(dian)池(chi)），驱(qu)(qu)动(dong)电(dian)(dian)路(lu)宜采用(yong)(yong)DC/DC 升压(ya)式转(zhuan)换器(qi)。其(qi)他大于(yu)5V 的直流电(dian)(dian)源(yuan)， 驱(qu)(qu)动(dong)电(dian)(dian)路(lu)应采用(yong)(yong)DC/DC 降压(ya)式转(zhuan)换器(qi)；直接(jie)由交流市(shi)电(dian)(dian)供电(dian)(dian)的电(dian)(dian)源(yuan)普通(tong)需经过AC/DC/DC 变换才可用(yong)(yong)。

二、LED驱动器原理与作用

LED驱动(dong)器(qi)是指驱动(dong)LED发光或LED模块组件正常(chang)工作的电(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)调整电(dian)(dian)子(zi)元器(qi)件。由于LEDPN结(jie)的导通特(te)性决(jue)议，它(ta)能顺应的电(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)的电(dian)(dian)压和(he)电(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)变动(dong)范围非(fei)常(chang)狭窄，稍许偏(pian)离就(jiu)可(ke)能无法(fa)点亮LED或者发光效率严重降低，或者缩短(duan)运用寿命以至烧毁芯(xin)片。现行的工频电(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)和(he)常(chang)见的电(dian)(dian)池电(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)均不合适(shi)直接供(gong)应LED，LED驱动(dong)器(qi)就(jiu)是这种能够差遣LED在最(zui)佳电(dian)(dian)压或电(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)状(zhuang)态(tai)下工作的电(dian)(dian)子(zi)组件。

1、由于LED是特性敏(min)感(gan)的(de)半导(dao)体器件，又(you)具有负温度特性，LED驱动(dong)电源（也叫驱动(dong)器）就(jiu)是在应用过程中对其停止稳(wen)定工(gong)作状态的(de)维护。

2、LED器件(jian)对(dui)驱动电(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)的请求(qiu)近乎于苛(ke)刻，LED不像普通的白炽(chi)灯泡，能够直接衔接220V的交流市电(dian)(dian)(dian)。LED是低(di)电(dian)(dian)(dian)压驱动，必需(xu)要(yao)设计复杂的变换电(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)，不同用处的LED灯，要(yao)装备不同的电(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)适配器。设计一款好(hao)的电(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)必需(xu)要(yao)综合思(si)索效率转换、有效功率、恒流精度(du)、电(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)寿命、电(dian)(dian)(dian)磁兼容(rong)这(zhei)些(xie)因数，由于电(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)在整(zheng)个灯具中的作用就好(hao)比像人的心脏一样重要(yao)。

三、LED 照明驱动(dong)电路(lu)典型(xing)芯片

LED 照明(ming)电(dian)(dian)路需求(qiu)调理亮(liang)度(du)时， 其控(kong)制方(fang)式主要有(you)线性调理LED 的(de)电(dian)(dian)流(liu)（模仿调光）和应(ying)用PWM 设(she)置(zhi)占空(kong)比和工作(zuo)周期（数(shu)字调光）两种。面对国内(nei)外各电(dian)(dian)子公司上百种的(de)LED 驱动芯片，倡(chang)议：一是尽量选用好(hao)品牌的(de)产(chan)品，二(er)是依据需求(qiu)综合思(si)索质量与本钱。

四、LED 照明驱动(dong)电路

主要技术(shu)照(zhao)明电路(lu)按驱(qu)动(dong)方(fang)式也分为两类。恒(heng)(heng)流驱(qu)动(dong)的输出(chu)电流不变(bian)(bian)，输出(chu)电压随(sui)负(fu)载(zai)阻值不同变(bian)(bian)化；恒(heng)(heng)压驱(qu)动(dong)的输出(chu)电压不变(bian)(bian)，输出(chu)电流随(sui)着负(fu)载(zai)阻值增减变(bian)(bian)化。恒(heng)(heng)流驱(qu)动(dong)是(shi)比拟理想的方(fang)式，实(shi)践运用(yong)的驱(qu)动(dong)电路(lu)普通均具有恒(heng)(heng)压、恒(heng)(heng)流功用(yong)。

LED 照明驱(qu)动(dong)电(dian)(dian)路(lu)按构(gou)造方式(shi)分为(wei)器件(jian)降(jiang)压(ya)(ya)和PWM 开关电(dian)(dian)源两种。其中器件(jian)降(jiang)压(ya)(ya)又有(you)阻(zu)容(rong)降(jiang)压(ya)(ya)、电(dian)(dian)阻(zu)降(jiang)压(ya)(ya)、变压(ya)(ya)器降(jiang)压(ya)(ya)等方式(shi)。PWM 开关电(dian)(dian)源是(shi)指(zhi)调理主(zhu)电(dian)(dian)路(lu)开关器件(jian)导通脉冲的(de)(de)宽(kuan)度来(lai)坚(jian)持输出电(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)或电(dian)(dian)流(liu)稳定(ding)的(de)(de)驱(qu)动(dong)方式(shi)。改(gai)动(dong)占空(kong)比即可改(gai)动(dong)LED 的(de)(de)均匀驱(qu)动(dong)电(dian)(dian)流(liu)，从而改(gai)动(dong)LED 的(de)(de)发光强度。

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