电(dian)(dian)子捕鱼器(qi)电(dian)(dian)路图(tu)详解 电(dian)(dian)子捕鱼器(qi)电(dian)(dian)路图(tu)原理大全 KIA MOS管
信息来源：本站 日期：2018-04-23
捕鱼器是根据电(dian)压高(gao)于100V，功率(lv)大于30W的(de)电(dian)能释放于水域中(zhong)可击毙直径为1至1.5米水域内的(de)鱼类的(de)原理而制成的(de)。
如下捕鱼(yu)(yu)器(qi)(qi)电(dian)(dian)路(lu)图所示，捕鱼(yu)(yu)机电(dian)(dian)路(lu)由三(san)部(bu)(bu)分组成(cheng)：第(di)一部(bu)(bu)分为晶体三(san)极管(guan)和铁氧体变(bian)(bian)压器(qi)(qi)组成(cheng)的逆(ni)变(bian)(bian)器(qi)(qi)，把(ba)(ba)12V直流(liu)(liu)电(dian)(dian)压变(bian)(bian)成(cheng)数百至数千赫的交流(liu)(liu)电(dian)(dian)，其电(dian)(dian)压幅值大(da)于100V；第(di)二部(bu)(bu)分为全波倍压整流(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)，它把(ba)(ba)输出电(dian)(dian)压升高(gao)一倍，并变(bian)(bian)成(cheng)直流(liu)(liu)，第(di)三(san)部(bu)(bu)分为继电(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)，它控制(zhi)电(dian)(dian)路(lu)有效地把(ba)(ba)电(dian)(dian)能(neng)释(shi)放于水域，而(er)且还可避免因(yin)插入水中而(er)造成(cheng)高(gao)压跌落。W1可调(diao)节(jie)输入电(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)的大(da)小，W2可调(diao)节(jie)输出功(gong)率(lv)的大(da)小。
BG1、BG2要求对称，且用(yong)大(da)(da)功率管如047，每个管子(zi)要加(jia)足够大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)散热片，变(bian)压器(qi)(qi)用(yong)E-20铁氧变(bian)压器(qi)(qi)芯（双(shuang)EE55变(bian)压器(qi)(qi)是很好的(de)(de)(de)(de)变(bian)压器(qi)(qi)选(xuan)择），绕制时力(li)求绝(jue)缘(yuan)良(liang)好，各绕组数(shu)据见图示。C1、C2采用(yong)油(you)质(zhi)纸介电(dian)容，继电(dian)器(qi)(qi)采用(yong)电(dian)压为12V，吸合电(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)小于40mA的(de)(de)(de)(de)直流(liu)(liu)(liu)继电(dian)器(qi)(qi)，电(dian)源用(yong)电(dian)压为12V，容量(liang)(liang)大(da)(da)于3A的(de)(de)(de)(de)小型蓄电(dian)池，BG1、BG2要求β≥50，BVceo≥30V，另外可以(yi)代用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)有3AD19、3AD30、3AD17等，D1、D2可用(yong)反向电(dian)压大(da)(da)于400V，电(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)大(da)(da)于200mA的(de)(de)(de)(de)整流(liu)(liu)(liu)管。W1功率容量(liang)(liang)为2W，W2功率容量(liang)(liang)为1W。开关(guan)K用(yong)触(chu)通式开关(guan)，允许通过的(de)(de)(de)(de)电(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)大(da)(da)于5A。
电(dian)(dian)(dian)子捕鱼(yu)器的(de)(de)(de)(de)调(diao)整(zheng)及使(shi)用(yong)(yong) 电(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)安装(zhuang)毕后用(yong)(yong)40至60W、220V的(de)(de)(de)(de)灯(deng)泡(pao)作(zuo)负载，接(jie)(jie)于(yu)A、B两端(duan)。按下开关K，若(ruo)电(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)不(bu)起(qi)(qi)振(zhen)，可(ke)适当调(diao)换L1或L2的(de)(de)(de)(de)线头。若(ruo)电(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)起(qi)(qi)振(zhen)，则可(ke)听到变压(ya)器声(sheng)。调(diao)W1使(shi)蓄电(dian)(dian)(dian)池输(shu)入(ru)电(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)为3.5至5A，再(zai)调(diao)W2，使(shi)继(ji)电(dian)(dian)(dian)器产生连续(xu)通(tong)断的(de)(de)(de)(de)“嗒嗒”声(sheng)，此时(shi)灯(deng)泡(pao)闪亮，调(diao)整(zheng)即告结束。使(shi)用(yong)(yong)时(shi)，负载的(de)(de)(de)(de)二根(gen)多股皮线，一根(gen)接(jie)(jie)在用(yong)(yong)金属丝做的(de)(de)(de)(de)鱼(yu)网(wang)圈上，另(ling)一根(gen)接(jie)(jie)一金属板，将两根(gen)线放在1至1.5米宽(kuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)域两端(duan)，可(ke)见水(shui)中冒泡(pao)，若(ruo)有鱼(yu)，则被(bei)击昏(hun)浮于(yu)水(shui)面，然后用(yong)(yong)鱼(yu)网(wang)将鱼(yu)捞起(qi)(qi)。
调(diao)试：在输(shu)出端接1只100W的白(bai)炽灯泡，调(diao)节(jie)100KK微调(diao)电阻(zu)使灯泡最亮发白(bai)光，且有闪(shan)烁感即可。
如图为传统(tong)多谐振荡(dang)鱼(yu)机(ji)电路。一般(ban)鱼(yu)机(ji)都没有两个(ge)5T和(he)下(xia)沉(chen)线(xian)圈，它的(de)作用是使管(guan)深度饱和(he)以及深度截止(zhi)，这可以加大鱼(yu)机(ji)的(de)负载能力如果没有加下(xia)沉(chen)线(xian)饶的(de)，加了此线(xian)圈可以明显(xian)看到(dao)鱼(yu)机(ji)动力足了。下(xia)沉(chen)线(xian)圈的(de)匝数为电压3V。
这(zhei)就(jiu)是(shi)普通(tong)捕鱼机捕鱼的工作原理和其(qi)用料的概况，好(hao)的电鱼机用料是(shi)首选一(yi)般用料好(hao)的电鱼机，浮鱼效(xiao)果和控(kong)鱼效(xiao)果都很效(xiao)果明显而且 不容(rong)易坏。
电(dian)鱼机的原理就是将低电(dian)压大电(dian)流的电(dian)源变(bian)换成高电(dian)压，瞬间大电(dian)流的脉冲直(zhi)流变(bian)换器。
其(qi)组成部分(fen)(fen)有：一(yi)：逆变部分(fen)(fen)(前级(ji))
二：整流脉(mai)冲放电部分(后级(ji))
要(yao)(yao)(yao)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)到(dao)(dao)鱼(yu)，提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鱼(yu)效(xiao)果(guo)，必(bi)须(xu)有足够的(de)输(shu)(shu)(shu)出功(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)和合适(shi)的(de)输(shu)(shu)(shu)出电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)。如果(guo)输(shu)(shu)(shu)出功(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)不(bu)(bu)大,就(jiu)算电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)再高(gao)(gao)(gao)也(ye)没(mei)用(yong).防身用(yong)的(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)击枪电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)高(gao)(gao)(gao)达几万伏,可(ke)(ke)是把鱼(yu)放在(zai)脸盆里也(ye)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)不(bu)(bu)到(dao)(dao)(我亲自(zi)做过试验),为(wei)什么呢?那时因(yin)为(wei)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)击枪功(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)太小,在(zai)水中(zhong)(zhong)带不(bu)(bu)动(dong)负载(zai),压(ya)(ya)(ya)降太大.电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)太低只能(neng)给鱼(yu)儿骚(sao)痒,这(zhei)是因(yin)为(wei)水阻的(de)缘(yuan)故,电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)太低流(liu)(liu)过水中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)太小,电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)过高(gao)(gao)(gao),必(bi)将增(zeng)(zeng)大输(shu)(shu)(shu)出内阻,这(zhei)样负载(zai)能(neng)力(li)又差.,而且(qie)元器件的(de)耐压(ya)(ya)(ya),变压(ya)(ya)(ya)器的(de)绝缘(yuan)等(deng)方面要(yao)(yao)(yao)求高(gao)(gao)(gao).这(zhei)样又降低了(le)(le)(le)可(ke)(ke)靠性.我个人认为(wei)输(shu)(shu)(shu)出电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(空载(zai))在(zai)500-1200V较好. 输(shu)(shu)(shu)出功(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)要(yao)(yao)(yao)根(gen)据使用(yong)场(chang)合来定,至少要(yao)(yao)(yao)在(zai)150W(带220V150W的(de)灯泡发白光(guang))以上.单人背(bei)负功(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)不(bu)(bu)宜超过800W,因(yin)为(wei)800W满载(zai)输(shu)(shu)(shu)入电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)将达到(dao)(dao)70A,最大背(bei)40AH的(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶也(ye)用(yong)不(bu)(bu)了(le)(le)(le)几个小时的(de).如果(guo)用(yong)在(zai)船上功(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)则可(ke)(ke)达数千瓦.12V机子功(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)最大不(bu)(bu)宜超过1500W，因(yin)为(wei)1500W时电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)已经超过120A，电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶吃不(bu)(bu)消的(de)。要(yao)(yao)(yao)增(zeng)(zeng)大功(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)就(jiu)必(bi)须(xu)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)，相同(tong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)，电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)一倍功(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)就(jiu)增(zeng)(zeng)加一倍。而且(qie)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路在(zai)大电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)工作时候发热严重，比较容易出问题。很多(duo)船机用(yong)24V，36V,甚至48V。电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)越(yue)高(gao)(gao)(gao)，做机子越(yue)有利。但是代价是需要(yao)(yao)(yao)多(duo)个电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池，造价更高(gao)(gao)(gao)了(le)(le)(le)。
前级就工作(zuo)频率和(he)结构(gou)方式来分(fen)主要有高频机(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)低频机(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)白(bai)金机(ji)(ji)(ji)，当然白(bai)金机(ji)(ji)(ji)也属于低频机(ji)(ji)(ji)。就激(ji)励，驱动方式分(fen)为它激(ji)机(ji)(ji)(ji)，自激(ji)机(ji)(ji)(ji)。
高频(pin)(pin)机主(zhu)要(yao)由前级驱动，MOS开关管和高频(pin)(pin)变(bian)(bian)压(ya)器组(zu)成(cheng)。主(zhu)要(yao)优点是体积小，重量轻，功率大。逆(ni)变(bian)(bian)效(xiao)率高。缺点是电路复杂，故(gu)障率较高。而且不(bu)加后级下水电不(bu)到鱼。工(gong)作频(pin)(pin)率一般在5KHZ以上，一般高频(pin)(pin)机工(gong)作频(pin)(pin)率8K-30K较好。具体多少(shao)需(xu)要(yao)根据变(bian)(bian)压(ya)器来匹配。
前级驱动多使用(yong)脉(mai)宽调制的IC，现在用(yong)的最多的是(shi)SG3525和TL494。3525外围简洁，内部带图腾柱(zhu)放(fang)大，可(ke)以直接驱动5-6对左右MOS，而且死区，RT,CT调节方便，是(shi)做(zuo)鱼机首选。
前级驱动(dong)MOS管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)选用(yong)，一般用(yong)电流(liu)大(da)，耐压(ya)足够的(de)(de)(de)，导(dao)通电阻小的(de)(de)(de)，和W数(shu)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)。耐压(ya)不宜太高，高耐压(ya)的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)必将内阻增大(da)，这(zhei)样发热就(jiu)(jiu)会(hui)快。MOS管(guan)(guan)(guan)TO220封(feng)装的(de)(de)(de)一般选IRF3205，75N75，IRF1010，60N08，IRF1404等。做(zuo)大(da)功(gong)率机子(zi)(zi)(zi)选用(yong)TO247封(feng)装的(de)(de)(de)大(da)管(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)，IRFP2907,170N06等都(dou)是(shi)(shi)牛(niu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)。管(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)可(ke)以(yi)采用(yong)多对(dui)并联(lian)。具体(ti)一对(dui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)能做(zuo)多少(shao)W查(cha)看元件PDF资料的(de)(de)(de)W数(shu)就(jiu)(jiu)知道差(cha)不多了，3205是(shi)(shi)200W一个(ge)，1对(dui)做(zuo)200W很稳(wen)定，2907一个(ge)470W，1对(dui)做(zuo)500W就(jiu)(jiu)很稳(wen)定。也可(ke)以(yi)选用(yong)TO-3的(de)(de)(de)铁(tie)壳管(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)，散热不错。
高频(pin)前级变压(ya)(ya)器的材料(liao)一般用铁氧(yang)体，非晶环(huan)等，EE铁氧(yang)体变压(ya)(ya)器绕制(zhi)简单(dan)是最(zui)常(chang)用的。而且取材方便。值得注意的前级推挽结构(gou)时，变压(ya)(ya)器磁芯(xin)不(bu)可有气息(xi)否(fou)则空载(zai)电(dian)流(liu)大(da)，有气息(xi)的磨(mo)平(ping)。不(bu)小心拆碎的磁芯(xin)也可以用，粘(zhan)接时候(hou)不(bu)要留气息(xi)。
低(di)(di)频(pin)机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)由低(di)(di)频(pin)变(bian)压器，功(gong)率(lv)(lv)管等构(gou)成(cheng)。主(zhu)要优(you)点(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)是(shi)结构(gou)简单，稳定耐用(yong)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)加后级电(dian)鱼效(xiao)(xiao)果(guo)都不(bu)(bu)(bu)错(cuo)。缺点(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)是(shi)，体积大，笨重，逆变(bian)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)(lv)较低(di)(di)。有(you)(you)(you)它激(ji)机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，自(zi)激(ji)机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。自(zi)激(ji)机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)过(guo)载(zai)能力强，管子在后级短路不(bu)(bu)(bu)易烧，它激(ji)机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)可以做(zuo)的空载(zai)电(dian)流小，功(gong)率(lv)(lv)大，但(dan)是(shi)后级短路管子易坏。低(di)(di)频(pin)机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)一般工(gong)作在2KHZ以下。变(bian)压器主(zhu)要用(yong)硅钢片，也有(you)(you)(you)用(yong)铁氧体做(zuo)低(di)(di)频(pin)的。硅钢片主(zhu)要有(you)(you)(you)EI（FF）形(xing)(xing)，C形(xing)(xing)，环(huan)形(xing)(xing)和(he)条形(xing)(xing)。条形(xing)(xing)适合做(zuo)白(bai)(bai)金(jin)(jin)(jin)机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。白(bai)(bai)金(jin)(jin)(jin)机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)电(dian)鱼效(xiao)(xiao)果(guo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)错(cuo)，但(dan)是(shi)笨重用(yong)铜(tong)量巨大。而且(qie)白(bai)(bai)金(jin)(jin)(jin)触点(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)易坏，白(bai)(bai)金(jin)(jin)(jin)机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)逆变(bian)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)(lv)最低(di)(di)。有(you)(you)(you)人用(yong)电(dian)子元(yuan)件(jian)代替白(bai)(bai)金(jin)(jin)(jin)触点(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)做(zuo)了电(dian)子白(bai)(bai)金(jin)(jin)(jin)机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，效(xiao)(xiao)果(guo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)错(cuo)，实(shi)际就是(shi)反激(ji)机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。用(yong)C形(xing)(xing)铁心和(he)条形(xing)(xing)都可以制作。也很(hen)笨重，做(zuo)船机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)不(bu)(bu)(bu)错(cuo)。
功(gong)率管(guan)(guan)用的最多(duo)的是3DD15D管(guan)(guan)，主要因为他便宜，其(qi)实他是很垃圾的管(guan)(guan)子(zi)，市面(mian)上的机子(zi)动(dong)(dong)不动(dong)(dong)就是80管(guan)(guan)甚(shen)至100多(duo)管(guan)(guan)，不懂的人以(yi)为管(guan)(guan)子(zi)越(yue)(yue)多(duo)越(yue)(yue)好，其(qi)实那么多(duo)管(guan)(guan)子(zi)并联管(guan)(guan)子(zi)漏电(dian)流很大(da)，放大(da)倍数很低(di)。用场管(guan)(guan)一(yi)个要顶(ding)10个15D。比较好的管(guan)(guan)子(zi)有2N3055,2N3772,MJ11032等。
在(zai)制(zhi)作中(zhong),变压(ya)器(qi)(qi)的(de)绕(rao)制(zhi)非常关(guan)键.硅钢片铁心(xin)材料(liao)的(de)工(gong)作频(pin)率低,一般(ban)不超过2KHz, 因(yin)此变压(ya)器(qi)(qi)的(de)线(xian)(xian)圈较(jiao)多(duo)(duo), 用铜量(liang)(liang)大(da). 用铁氧体(ti)(ti)磁(ci)芯(xin)的(de)工(gong)作频(pin)率高(gao)(gao),一般(ban)10KHz-100KHz,这样变压(ya)器(qi)(qi)的(de)线(xian)(xian)圈圈数少(shao)(shao)(shao), 用铜量(liang)(liang)少(shao)(shao)(shao). 铁氧体(ti)(ti)的(de)工(gong)作频(pin)率高(gao)(gao),体(ti)(ti)积(ji)小,圈数少(shao)(shao)(shao),所以最好(hao)绕(rao)制(zhi).为了(le)克服高(gao)(gao)频(pin)趋肤效应,一般(ban)采用多(duo)(duo)股并(bing)绕(rao).低频(pin)铁芯(xin)的(de)工(gong)作频(pin)率低,可用单股线(xian)(xian)绕(rao)制(zhi),为了(le)方(fang)便绕(rao)制(zhi)也可多(duo)(duo)股并(bing)绕(rao).特别(bie)要注意(yi)绝缘问题(ti)。高(gao)(gao)频(pin)机变压(ya)器(qi)(qi)线(xian)(xian)径选用10A每平(ping)方(fang)MM。在(zai)匝数不少(shao)(shao)(shao)的(de)情况下线(xian)(xian)径尽量(liang)(liang)粗。
高频机(ji)前(qian)级(ji)空载电流一(yi)般几(ji)十--500MA以内都可以，关键(jian)是频率调(diao)(diao)整到MOS发热最(zui)小就(jiu)(jiu)好。它激机(ji)要注(zhu)意驱动频率和变压器匹配问题(ti)。有示(shi)波器观(guan)察最(zui)好，带载MOS漏极标准方波最(zui)好。很(hen)多人(ren)做(zuo)不好就(jiu)(jiu)怪图不行(xing)，因为个人(ren)的元件参(can)数(shu)(shu)，变压器做(zuo)法(fa)，手工都有差异，机(ji)子(zi)都需要实(shi)际调(diao)(diao)整到最(zui)佳。经(jing)验多了，一(yi)个图只(zhi)要改变部分参(can)数(shu)(shu)多大(da)功率机(ji)子(zi)都可以做(zuo)出来。高频前(qian)级(ji)注(zhu)意走线布(bu)局干扰。学做(zuo)鱼机(ji)首先不要考(kao)虑保护问题(ti)，做(zuo)会(hui)了在做(zuo)保护。
低频(pin)自(zi)激(ji)机(ji)变(bian)压器(qi)次级串(chuan)电容直(zhi)接下水效(xiao)果不错(cuo)，但是浮(fu)鱼(yu)稍差。串(chuan)电容主要(yao)是为了缓(huan)冲(chong)，使(shi)机(ji)子好启动。自(zi)激(ji)机(ji)在(zai)重载下难(nan)以启动。亦可以加后(hou)级。高(gao)频(pin)机(ji)必须加后(hou)级，就(jiu)是脉冲(chong)放电部(bu)分。
脉冲放电(dian)(dian)部(bu)分其实(shi)质就是(shi)(shi)将(jiang)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)(liu)储能(neng)后的(de)(de)高压(ya)(ya)直流(liu)(liu)电(dian)(dian),通过(guo)电(dian)(dian)容(rong)瞬(shun)间向水(shui)(shui)里放电(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)过(guo)程(cheng),电(dian)(dian)容(rong)储能(neng)瞬(shun)时放电(dian)(dian)可(ke)以(yi)提高瞬(shun)时功(gong)(gong)率(lv), 达到瞬(shun)间最大(da)脉冲功(gong)(gong)率(lv)，以(yi)达到最好(hao)的(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)鱼效果.但总功(gong)(gong)率(lv)是(shi)(shi)不(bu)会变(bian)的(de)(de),它将(jiang)维持能(neng)的(de)(de)转换(huan)和守恒定律,即输(shu)入功(gong)(gong)率(lv)总大(da)于输(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)功(gong)(gong)率(lv).一台好(hao)的(de)(de)机(ji)(ji)子(zi),光有好(hao)的(de)(de)前(qian)(qian)级或好(hao)的(de)(de)后级都是(shi)(shi)不(bu)够的(de)(de).不(bu)要(yao)妄想用(yong)(yong)多么有优秀(xiu)的(de)(de)后极来(lai)放大(da)前(qian)(qian)级的(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)不(bu)足. 实(shi)际从(cong)电(dian)(dian)容(rong)放出(chu)(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)，在水(shui)(shui)里要(yao)消耗大(da)部(bu)分的(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)率(lv).作用(yong)(yong)在鱼体(ti)上的(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)只占小部(bu)分了. 整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)(liu)可(ke)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)倍(bei)压(ya)(ya)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)(liu),也可(ke)用(yong)(yong)桥式(shi)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)(liu).如(ru)(ru)果变(bian)压(ya)(ya)器(qi)输(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)电(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)较(jiao)低,可(ke)以(yi)用(yong)(yong)倍(bei)压(ya)(ya)提高电(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya). 如(ru)(ru)果变(bian)压(ya)(ya)器(qi)输(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)电(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)较(jiao)高则用(yong)(yong)桥式(shi)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)(liu).倍(bei)压(ya)(ya)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)(liu)一般(ban)次(ci)级初(chu)级变(bian)比20-40倍(bei)，桥式(shi)变(bian)比40-60倍(bei)。根据机(ji)(ji)子(zi)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)大(da)小定，功(gong)(gong)率(lv)小变(bian)比做低点。低频(pin)机(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)(liu)可(ke)用(yong)(yong)普通二极管(guan)(guan),高频(pin)机(ji)(ji)则用(yong)(yong)快恢复(fu)二极管(guan)(guan).滤波(bo)电(dian)(dian)容(rong)一般(ban)用(yong)(yong)电(dian)(dian)解电(dian)(dian)容(rong)。100-500W机(ji)(ji)子(zi)用(yong)(yong)47-150U，500-1000W用(yong)(yong)150-330U，1000W以(yi)上用(yong)(yong)470U以(yi)上。
脉冲放电部(bu)分,一般的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)放电器件有(you)继(ji)(ji)电器，三(san)极(ji)(ji)管(guan)或者场效(xiao)应(ying)管(guan)输出(chu)等,可(ke)(ke)(ke)控硅(gui)等.继(ji)(ji)电器的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)简(jian)单(dan)(dan),但有(you)噪音,且(qie)碰极(ji)(ji)容易烧坏触点.三(san)极(ji)(ji)管(guan)或者场效(xiao)应(ying)管(guan)输出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)(ke)靠(kao)性最(zui)差，使用时要(yao)特别小心，避(bi)免(mian)在(zai)水里碰极(ji)(ji)（就是(shi)(shi)输出(chu)短路(lu)），可(ke)(ke)(ke)控硅(gui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)耐用，可(ke)(ke)(ke)控硅(gui)瞬间浪涌电流可(ke)(ke)(ke)以达到(dao)10倍额(e)定(ding)电流。做的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)好输出(chu)狂短路(lu)都(dou)(dou)不坏。有(you)单(dan)(dan)硅(gui)，双硅(gui)，4硅(gui)。电路(lu)图(tu)网上(shang)很(hen)多(duo)自己去下载(zai)。一般的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)放电频率(lv)应(ying)在(zai)在(zai)10-200Hz之间可(ke)(ke)(ke)调,实际40-120HZ效(xiao)果比(bi)较理想，单(dan)(dan)硅(gui)后(hou)(hou)级提高(gao)频率(lv)可(ke)(ke)(ke)以增(zeng)大功率(lv)，最(zui)高(gao)频率(lv)要(yao)根据机(ji)子(zi)前(qian)级功率(lv)和关断(duan)电容来定(ding)，以调到(dao)最(zui)大不至于(yu)前(qian)级过(guo)载(zai)为准。DB3触发的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)简(jian)单(dan)(dan)常用。市面上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)机(ji)子(zi)70%以上(shang)是(shi)(shi)单(dan)(dan)硅(gui)后(hou)(hou)级。主(zhu)要(yao)是(shi)(shi)因为简(jian)单(dan)(dan)可(ke)(ke)(ke)靠(kao)，单(dan)(dan)硅(gui)波形(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)尖峰对于(yu)鱼有(you)很(hen)强(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)杀伤力。串(chuan)联双硅(gui)过(guo)载(zai)能(neng)力较强(qiang)，适应(ying)半咸水。他的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)脉宽随负载(zai)变化。4硅(gui)机(ji)子(zi)效(xiao)率(lv)较高(gao)，小元件能(neng)获得(de)较大功率(lv)。串(chuan)双硅(gui)和桥4硅(gui)波形(xing)都(dou)(dou)差不多(duo).
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