太(tai)(tai)阳(yang)(yang)能路灯电路图设(she)计方案 太(tai)(tai)阳(yang)(yang)能路灯电路图大全 KIA MOS管
信(xin)息来源：本站 日期：2018-04-25
太(tai)(tai)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)路(lu)灯(deng)是以(yi)太(tai)(tai)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)作为电(dian)能(neng)(neng)供给用(yong)(yong)来(lai)提供夜(ye)间道路(lu)照(zhao)(zhao)明，灯(deng)杆与电(dian)池(chi)组件一(yi)体化(hua)(hua)设(she)计，具有抗(kang)风能(neng)(neng)力(li)，内部(bu)(bu)采用(yong)(yong)智能(neng)(neng)化(hua)(hua)充放电(dian)和微电(dian)脑光、时(shi)控制技术。太(tai)(tai)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)路(lu)灯(deng)采用(yong)(yong)高效照(zhao)(zhao)明光源(yuan)设(she)计、具有亮(liang)(liang)度高、安(an)装简便、工作稳(wen)定可靠(kao)、不敷设(she)电(dian)缆、不消耗常规能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)，使用(yong)(yong)寿命长等优点。主要适用(yong)(yong)于城市道路(lu)、小(xiao)区广(guang)场、工业园(yuan)区、旅游景区、公(gong)园(yuan)绿化(hua)(hua)、单位、室外停车场、农(nong)村道路(lu)带等场所(suo)的亮(liang)(liang)化(hua)(hua)照(zhao)(zhao)明。太(tai)(tai)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)路(lu)灯(deng)由(you)以(yi)下(xia)几个部(bu)(bu)分组成：太(tai)(tai)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)电(dian)池(chi)板、太(tai)(tai)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)控制器(qi)、蓄电(dian)池(chi)组、光源(yuan)、灯(deng)杆及灯(deng)具外壳，有的还要配(pei)置逆变器(qi)。
灯高(gao)：5－12米
材(cai)质：钢管＋防腐(fu)处(chu)理＋热(re)镀锌＋喷(pen)塑(su)
太阳(yang)能电池组件：高效单晶硅／多晶硅／薄膜(mo)电池板
功(gong)率：60－300W
使(shi)用寿命：25年(nian)
光源：超高亮大功率(lv) LED／低压钠灯(deng)／LVD无极灯(deng)
功率：DC12V/24V，15W－100W
使用寿命：100000小时
蓄(xu)(xu)电池(chi)：免(mian)维(wei)护铅酸蓄(xu)(xu)电池(chi)／地(di)埋胶体密闭蓄(xu)(xu)电池(chi)
容量：DC12V 60 Ah－500Ah
使(shi)用寿命：5－8年
控(kong)制系统：微电脑智能控(kong)制、防过(guo)充、过(guo)放、防潮、输出短路保护及光控(kong)＋时控(kong)自(zi)动开、关灯
使用环境(jing)：-30℃－60℃
照(zhao)明时(shi)(shi)间(jian)：每天(tian)照(zhao)明8－12小时(shi)(shi)，可连续照(zhao)明5－15个阴雨天(tian)。
1、智能数码控(kong)制器，具有光控(kong)时控(kong)、过充过放保护，防反接功能；
2、自(zi)动定(ding)时调节光(guang)源功率，以进入节流工作状态，每天照(zhao)明时间可随(sui)心所(suo)欲；
3、可根据客(ke)户(hu)要求增加市电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)互(hu)补(bu)(bu)装(zhuang)置，在连续阴雨天气过长，电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池储电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)不足时(shi)，路灯会自动(dong)切(qie)换(huan)到市电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)供电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，当太(tai)阳(yang)能(neng)供电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)恢(hui)复(fu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压时(shi)，系(xi)统(tong)自动(dong)切(qie)断(duan)市电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)供电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，恢(hui)复(fu)太(tai)阳(yang)能(neng)供电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。真正(zheng)做到一(yi)年365天太(tai)阳(yang)能(neng)路灯夜夜亮，如不需(xu)要此功能(neng)时(shi)，用(yong)户(hu)可随时(shi)卸载互(hu)补(bu)(bu)装(zhuang)置，简易方便。总之，市电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)互(hu)补(bu)(bu)不仅能(neng)有效提高太(tai)阳(yang)能(neng)产品(pin)的(de)(de)稳(wen)定性，而且能(neng)大(da)大(da)降低(di)整套(tao)产品(pin)的(de)(de)造(zao)价，尤其是对于传(chuan)统(tong)市电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)照明(ming)工程的(de)(de)节能(neng)改造(zao)相当适用(yong)。
·节能：以太(tai)阳能光电转换提供(gong)电能，取之(zhi)不(bu)尽、用之(zhi)不(bu)竭；
·环保：无污(wu)染(ran)、无噪(zao)音、无辐射(she)；
·安全(quan)：绝无触电、火灾等意外事故；
·方便：安装简洁(jie)，不(bu)需要架线(xian)或(huo)“开膛破肚(du)”挖地施工、也(ye)没(mei)有停电限电顾虑；
·寿(shou)命长：产品科技含量高，控制系统(tong)、配件均是国(guo)际(ji)品牌(pai)、智能化设计，质量可(ke)靠(kao)；
·品位(wei)高(gao)：科技(ji)产品、绿色(se)能源，使用单位(wei)重视科技(ji)、绿色(se)形象提(ti)高(gao)、档(dang)次提(ti)升(sheng)；
·投(tou)资(zi)少：一次性投(tou)资(zi)与交(jiao)流电(dian)等价（交(jiao)流电(dian)投(tou)资(zi)从变(bian)电(dian)、进电(dian)、控制箱、电(dian)缆(lan)、工程(cheng)起），一次投(tou)资(zi)、长(zhang)期(qi)受用；
·适(shi)(shi)用广(guang)：太阳能(neng)源(yuan)源(yuan)于自然，所(suo)以凡是(shi)有日(ri)照的地方都可(ke)以使用，特别适(shi)(shi)合(he)于绿地景观灯(deng)光(guang)配备(bei)，高档次住宅及室(shi)(shi)外照明(ming)，旅(lv)游(you)景点海岸景观照明(ming)及点缀，工业(ye)开发区、工矿企业(ye)路灯(deng)，各大(da)院校(xiao)室(shi)(shi)外灯(deng)光(guang)照明(ming)。
一次(ci)性投入与(yu)常(chang)规路灯大体相(xiang)当的(de)建设经费后即可(ke)一劳永逸地利用取之(zhi)不尽(jin)用之(zhi)不竭的(de)阳(yang)能(neng)提供稳定可(ke)靠的(de)照明(ming)，有明(ming)显的(de)经济效益。回(hui)收(shou)成(cheng)本周期3-5年，使用寿命15年-20年。
路(lu)(lu)灯控(kong)制(zhi)系统工作原理：白天光伏电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)向蓄(xu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，晚上蓄(xu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)提供(gong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力供(gong)路(lu)(lu)灯照(zhao)明。所(suo)以蓄(xu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)将构成一个(ge)充放电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)循环。太阳能(neng)路(lu)(lu)灯照(zhao)明控(kong)制(zhi)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)包括光伏电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)、蓄(xu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)、路(lu)(lu)灯和控(kong)制(zhi)器四部分(fen)。设计中采(cai)用AT89S52单片机，并将其作为智(zhi)能(neng)核心(xin)模(mo)(mo)块。外围(wei)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)主要包括太阳能(neng)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)采(cai)样模(mo)(mo)块、蓄(xu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)采(cai)样模(mo)(mo)块、键盘(pan)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)模(mo)(mo)块、LED显示(shi)模(mo)(mo)块、充放电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)控(kong)制(zhi)模(mo)(mo)块等。图1是太阳能(neng)路(lu)(lu)灯控(kong)制(zhi)器结构设计图。
太(tai)阳能(neng)路灯(deng)控制器选(xuan)择(ze)ATMEL公司的8位单片(pian)机AT89S52为核心的智能(neng)控制模块，在(zai)整(zheng)体上具(ju)有(you)低(di)功耗、性能(neng)高的特(te)点。
2.1、单片机振荡电路
单片机(ji)振(zhen)荡电路(lu)如图2所示。
2.2、复位电路
复位电(dian)路如图3所示，电(dian)路结构简单，稳定(ding)可靠(kao)。
系统正常工作(zuo)电(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)为(wei)5V，系统采(cai)用12V／24V的铅酸蓄(xu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)池供(gong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)，蓄(xu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)池电(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)不(bu)稳(wen)(wen)定(ding)，所以需要对电(dian)(dian)(dian)源进行稳(wen)(wen)压(ya)(ya)。本系统采(cai)用LM7805三端稳(wen)(wen)压(ya)(ya)器，其输入电(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)在(zai)5～24V时均可以保证输出为(wei)稳(wen)(wen)定(ding)的+5V。LM7805组成稳(wen)(wen)压(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)源只需要很少的外(wai)围元(yuan)件，使(shi)用起来(lai)非常方便，工作(zuo)稳(wen)(wen)定(ding)可靠J。系统电(dian)(dian)(dian)源电(dian)(dian)(dian)路如(ru)图4所示。
太(tai)阳能电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)采样(yang)和蓄电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)采样(yang)对于系(xi)统正常运行(xing)起着非常重要的作用(yong)。太(tai)阳能路(lu)灯控制器要对蓄电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充放电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)进行(xing)合(he)理控制，即需(xu)对蓄电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)、太(tai)阳能电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)板电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压进行(xing)采样(yang)。为(wei)此(ci)，AT89S52单(dan)片机就(jiu)要外(wai)接A／D转换(huan)模块(kuai)，把(ba)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压转换(huan)为(wei)数字(zi)信(xin)号，系(xi)统选用(yong)v／F转换(huan)芯(xin)片LM331组成数模转换(huan)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)。在(zai)系(xi)统采样(yang)设计中(zhong)，为(wei)了防(fang)止(zhi)因为(wei)外(wai)部因素导致AT89S52程序跑飞或死机，提高系(xi)统稳(wen)定性，在(zai)LM331与单(dan)片机之间(jian)还需(xu)增加单(dan)通道(dao)的高速光电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)隔离器6n137J。图5为(wei)太(tai)阳能电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)板采样(yang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)图。系(xi)统蓄电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)采样(yang)和太(tai)阳能电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)板采样(yang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)相同(tong)。
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