日光灯电子镇流器原理

为了(le)安全起见，在安装日光(guang)灯(deng)(deng)(deng)镇(zhen)(zhen)流器时必(bi)须把相(xiang)关路线(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)总(zong)电源切(qie)断(duan)。日光(guang)灯(deng)(deng)(deng)两(liang)(liang)端有(you)4根(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)线(xian)(xian)，镇(zhen)(zhen)流器上的(de)(de)L接(jie)火线(xian)(xian)，N接(jie)零线(xian)(xian)。还有(you)四(si)(si)根(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)线(xian)(xian)分成两(liang)(liang)组，这(zhei)四(si)(si)根(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)线(xian)(xian)有(you)区别的(de)(de)，两(liang)(liang)根(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)一组颜色(se)相(xiang)同，或者离的(de)(de)比较近(jin)，能区分出来。把每(mei)一组的(de)(de)两(liang)(liang)根(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)线(xian)(xian)接(jie)到(dao)(dao)日光(guang)灯(deng)(deng)(deng)的(de)(de)一端，另(ling)两(liang)(liang)根(gen)(gen)(gen)(gen)接(jie)到(dao)(dao)另(ling)一端。

一、四线镇流器接线图

四线(xian)(xian)镇(zhen)流器(qi)(qi)有四根引线(xian)(xian)，分主(zhu)(zhu)、副(fu)(fu)线(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)。主(zhu)(zhu)线(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)的两引线(xian)(xian)和二(er)线(xian)(xian)镇(zhen)流器(qi)(qi)接(jie)法(fa)一(yi)样，串联在灯(deng)管(guan)与电(dian)源(yuan)之间(jian)(jian)。副(fu)(fu)线(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)的两引线(xian)(xian)，串联在启(qi)辉器(qi)(qi)与灯(deng)管(guan)之间(jian)(jian)，帮助启(qi)动用(yong)。由于(yu)副(fu)(fu)线(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)匝数(shu)少(shao)，交流阻抗亦小。如果误把(ba)它接(jie)入电(dian)源(yuan)主(zhu)(zhu)电(dian)路(lu)中。就会烧毁灯(deng)管(guan)和镇(zhen)流器(qi)(qi)。所以，把(ba)镇(zhen)流器(qi)(qi)接(jie)入电(dian)路(lu)前(qian)，必(bi)须看(kan)清接(jie)线(xian)(xian)说明(ming)，分清主(zhu)(zhu)副(fu)(fu)线(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)。也可用(yong)万用(yong)表(biao)测量检(jian)测，阻值大(da)的为主(zhu)(zhu)线(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)。

二、日光灯镇流器接线电路图

日光(guang)灯镇(zhen)(zhen)流器上(shang)印有一个详细的接(jie)(jie)线图，连接(jie)(jie)时按照接(jie)(jie)线图连接(jie)(jie)确保(bao)电路一定要正确，否(fou)则会(hui)烧(shao)坏灯管和(he)镇(zhen)(zhen)流器。还有需(xu)要注意(yi)的是安(an)装电感(gan)镇(zhen)(zhen)流器需(xu)要安(an)装启辉器，而安(an)装电子镇(zhen)(zhen)流器就不用安(an)装了。

三、电感镇流器日光灯原理图

如上图所示(shi)，电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)感镇流(liu)(liu)(liu)器的(de)日光(guang)(guang)(guang)灯(deng)线路比较简单，由电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)、保(bao)险(xian)（RD）、开(kai)关(guan)(guan)（K）、镇流(liu)(liu)(liu)器（ZL)、灯(deng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)、启(qi)(qi)(qi)辉(hui)器（S)组(zu)成，当开(kai)关(guan)(guan)K接通的(de)时(shi)，电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)火线经保(bao)险(xian)、开(kai)关(guan)(guan)、镇流(liu)(liu)(liu)器给日光(guang)(guang)(guang)灯(deng)供电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，此时(shi)日光(guang)(guang)(guang)灯(deng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)及启(qi)(qi)(qi)动(dong)器两(liang)(liang)端施加了220V电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压，使(shi)启(qi)(qi)(qi)辉(hui)器产(chan)生辉(hui)光(guang)(guang)(guang)放电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。辉(hui)光(guang)(guang)(guang)放电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)热量(liang)使(shi)双(shuang)金(jin)属片受热膨胀，使(shi)动(dong)触(chu)片跟静触(chu)片接通，电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)过镇流(liu)(liu)(liu)器线圈(quan)和灯(deng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)中的(de)灯(deng)丝，灯(deng)丝很快被电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)加热，发射出大(da)量(liang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子，这时(shi)启(qi)(qi)(qi)辉(hui)器辉(hui)光(guang)(guang)(guang)放电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)消失，管(guan)(guan)(guan)内(nei)温度降(jiang)低;双(shuang)金(jin)属片自动(dong)复位，两(liang)(liang)极断开(kai)；在两(liang)(liang)极断开(kai)的(de)瞬间，电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)突然切断，镇流(liu)(liu)(liu)器产(chan)生很大(da)的(de)自感电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)动(dong)势(shi)，与(yu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压叠加后作用于管(guan)(guan)(guan)两(liang)(liang)端，在灯(deng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)两(liang)(liang)端高电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压作用下，以极大(da)的(de)速度由低电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)势(shi)端向高电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)势(shi)端运动(dong)，碰(peng)撞(zhuang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)内(nei)氩气(qi)(qi)分子，使(shi)之(zhi)迅速电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)离，氩气(qi)(qi)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)离生热，热量(liang)使(shi)水银产(chan)生蒸(zheng)气(qi)(qi)，随之(zhi)水银蒸(zheng)气(qi)(qi)也被电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)离，并发出强烈的(de)紫外线，在紫外线的(de)激发下，管(guan)(guan)(guan)壁内(nei)的(de)荧光(guang)(guang)(guang)粉发出近乎白(bai)色的(de)可见光(guang)(guang)(guang)。

日光灯(deng)正常发光后(hou)。由于交流电(dian)(dian)不断通过镇流器的线圈(quan)，线圈(quan)中产生(sheng)自感(gan)电(dian)(dian)动势(shi)，自感(gan)电(dian)(dian)动势(shi)阻碍线圈(quan)中的电(dian)(dian)流变化。镇流器起(qi)到降压(ya)限流的作(zuo)用(yong)，使电(dian)(dian)流稳(wen)定(ding)(ding)在(zai)灯(deng)管的额定(ding)(ding)电(dian)(dian)流范围(wei)(wei)内，灯(deng)管两端电(dian)(dian)压(ya)也稳(wen)定(ding)(ding)在(zai)额定(ding)(ding)工作(zuo)电(dian)(dian)压(ya)范围(wei)(wei)内。由于这(zhei)个电(dian)(dian)压(ya)低(di)于启(qi)辉器的电(dian)(dian)离电(dian)(dian)压(ya)，所以(yi)并联在(zai)两端的启(qi)辉器也就不再(zai)起(qi)作(zuo)用(yong)了。

镇流器(qi)在启动时产(chan)生瞬时高压(ya)，在正(zheng)常工作时起降压(ya)限流作用;启辉器(qi)中电容器(qi)的作用是避免产(chan)生电火(huo)花。

电子镇流(liu)器电路由(you)电源电路、高频振荡(dang)(dang)器和(he)LC串(chuan)联输出(chu)电路组成(cheng)；这里简单介绍一(yi)下(xia)，电子镇流(liu)器通(tong)过(guo)(guo)V1和(he)V2交(jiao)替(ti)导通(tong)与截止，使高频振荡(dang)(dang)电路进(jin)人(ren)自激振荡(dang)(dang)状态，并通(tong)过(guo)(guo)L3和(he)L4为日光灯管提供启辉电压(ya)。当C4两端电压(ya)达(da)到(dao)日光灯管的(de)放(fang)电电压(ya)时，日光灯管启辉点亮(liang)。

电子(zi)镇流器具有体积小、重量轻、适应(ying)电源电压(ya)范围宽、启动(dong)快(kuai)、不闪烁、效率(lv)高等优点。

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