3.7V锂电(dian)(dian)池(chi)保护板原理-锂电(dian)(dian)池(chi)的主要和电(dian)(dian)压(ya)标准分析-KIA MOS管
信息来源：本站 日期：2018-03-06
发展(zhan)(zhan)高科技的(de)(de)目的(de)(de)是(shi)为了使(shi)其更(geng)好的(de)(de)服务于人(ren)类。锂离(li)子(zi)电(dian)池(chi)自1990年问世以来，因其卓越的(de)(de)性(xing)能(neng)得到了迅猛的(de)(de)发展(zhan)(zhan)，并广泛地应(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)于社(she)会。锂离(li)子(zi)电(dian)池(chi)以其它(ta)电(dian)池(chi)所不可比拟的(de)(de)优势(shi)迅速(su)占(zhan)领了许多(duo)(duo)领域，象大(da)家(jia)熟(shu)知(zhi)的(de)(de)移动电(dian)话、笔记本电(dian)脑(nao)、小(xiao)型(xing)摄(she)像机等等，且(qie)越来越多(duo)(duo)的(de)(de)国家(jia)将该电(dian)池(chi)应(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)于军(jun)事用(yong)途(tu)。应(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)表明，锂离(li)子(zi)电(dian)池(chi)是(shi)一种理想的(de)(de)小(xiao)型(xing)绿色(se)电(dian)源(yuan)。
（1）电池盖
（2）正极----活性物(wu)质(zhi)为氧化钴(gu)锂
（3）隔膜(mo)----一种特(te)殊的(de)复合膜(mo)
（4）负(fu)极----活性物(wu)质为(wei)碳
（5）有(you)机电解(jie)液
（6）电池壳
（1）工作电压高
（2）比能(neng)量大
（3）循环寿命长
（4）自(zi)放电率低(di)
（5）无记(ji)忆效(xiao)应
（6）无污染
首(shou)先要(yao)根据(ju)自己电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)机功率（需要(yao)实际功率，一般骑行(xing)速度(du)会对应一个(ge)相(xiang)应实际功率）来(lai)计算电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)需要(yao)提(ti)供(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)持(chi)(chi)续(xu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)。比如(ru)(ru)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)机持(chi)(chi)续(xu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)20a（48v下(xia)1000w电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)机），那么就需要(yao)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)可以(yi)长(zhang)(zhang)时间(jian)提(ti)供(gong)20a电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)而(er)温升很低（哪(na)怕夏季外面35度(du)温度(du)，电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)温度(du)也最好控制(zhi)在(zai)50度(du)以(yi)下(xia)）。另外如(ru)(ru)果48v下(xia)20a电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)，超(chao)压一倍（96v，比如(ru)(ru)ecpu3档）后持(chi)(chi)续(xu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)到50a左(zuo)右。如(ru)(ru)果喜欢长(zhang)(zhang)时间(jian)超(chao)压使(shi)用，那么请选用能(neng)持(chi)(chi)续(xu)提(ti)供(gong)50a电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)（还是注意温升问题）。这里的(de)(de)(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)持(chi)(chi)续(xu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)不是商家标(biao)称(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)放电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)力。商家标(biao)称(cheng)几(ji)C（或几(ji)十几(ji)百安培）都是电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)放电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)力，而(er)真(zhen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)在(zai)这种(zhong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)下(xia)放电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)发热很严重的(de)(de)(de)(de)，如(ru)(ru)果不做好散热，电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)寿(shou)命会很短。（而(er)我(wo)们电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)动(dong)车(che)使(shi)用电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)环境是电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)扎堆(dui)排放，基本不留空隙，包的(de)(de)(de)(de)很严实，更(geng)别提(ti)怎(zen)么做好强行(xing)风冷散热了）。我(wo)们的(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用环境很恶劣。电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)放电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)需降(jiang)额使(shi)用。评价电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)放电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)能(neng)力就是看这个(ge)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)下(xia)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)对应温升是多少。
这(zhei)(zhei)里论述的(de)(de)(de)唯一(yi)原则(ze)其实是(shi)使用(yong)过(guo)程中电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)温(wen)升(sheng)（高(gao)温(wen)是(shi)锂(li)(li)电(dian)(dian)(dian)寿命死敌）。最(zui)好电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)温(wen)度控制在50度以(yi)下。（20-30度之间最(zui)好）。这(zhei)(zhei)也意味着如(ru)果是(shi)容(rong)(rong)量型(xing)锂(li)(li)电(dian)(dian)(dian)（控制在0.5C以(yi)下放(fang)(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)），提供20a的(de)(de)(de)持(chi)续(xu)放(fang)(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)电(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)需要(yao)40ah以(yi)上容(rong)(rong)量（当然最(zui)主要(yao)是(shi)要(yao)看(kan)电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)内(nei)阻）。如(ru)果是(shi)动(dong)力型(xing)锂(li)(li)电(dian)(dian)(dian)，按照(zhao)1C持(chi)续(xu)放(fang)(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)是(shi)正常的(de)(de)(de)。哪(na)怕A123超低内(nei)阻动(dong)力型(xing)锂(li)(li)电(dian)(dian)(dian)，也平时最(zui)好在1C放(fang)(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)（不超过(guo)2C为好，2C放(fang)(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)其实只能放(fang)(fang)半个小时就没(mei)电(dian)(dian)(dian)了，没(mei)太(tai)大(da)使用(yong)价值）。容(rong)(rong)量选(xuan)择就看(kan)车子(zi)存(cun)放(fang)(fang)空间大(da)小，个人(ren)支出预算(suan)，期望车子(zi)活(huo)动(dong)范围大(da)小等因素。（小容(rong)(rong)量的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)般必(bi)须动(dong)力型(xing)锂(li)(li)电(dian)(dian)(dian)）
串(chuan)联(lian)使用(yong)锂电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的大(da)忌是(shi)(shi)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)放电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)严重不(bu)均衡(heng)。只要大(da)家都一(yi)(yi)样不(bu)均衡(heng)没(mei)关系，问题是(shi)(shi)这种状(zhuang)态(tai)(tai)是(shi)(shi)急不(bu)稳(wen)定状(zhuang)态(tai)(tai)，好的电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)放电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)很小，要坏(huai)的电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)放电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)很大(da)，自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)放电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)不(bu)小不(bu)大(da)的状(zhuang)态(tai)(tai)一(yi)(yi)般是(shi)(shi)由好转(zhuan)坏(huai)的状(zhuang)态(tai)(tai)，这个过程是(shi)(shi)不(bu)稳(wen)定的。所以(yi)需要把自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)放电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)大(da)的电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)筛选(xuan)出来，只留自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)放电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)小的电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)配组(zu)（一(yi)(yi)般合格(ge)品自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)放电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)都小，厂家是(shi)(shi)测量(liang)过的，问题是(shi)(shi)好多不(bu)合格(ge)品流入市场）。
在自(zi)放(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)小的(de)基础(chu)上，挑选容(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)相近的(de)串联。即使容(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)不(bu)相近也不(bu)会影(ying)(ying)响(xiang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)寿命，但(dan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)会影(ying)(ying)响(xiang)整(zheng)组(zu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)可用容(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)，比(bi)(bi)如15个容(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)20ah，只(zhi)1个是(shi)(shi)(shi)18ah，那么这组(zu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)总(zong)容(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)只(zhi)能是(shi)(shi)(shi)18ah。用到最(zui)后(hou)会是(shi)(shi)(shi)这个电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)没电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)了，保护板要(yao)保护了，整(zheng)组(zu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)还(hai)比(bi)(bi)较(jiao)高(gao)（因为(wei)其它15个电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)是(shi)(shi)(shi)正常(chang)的(de)，还(hai)有(you)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)）。所以整(zheng)组(zu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)放(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)保护电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)高(gao)低能看(kan)出整(zheng)组(zu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)容(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)一致（前提是(shi)(shi)(shi)整(zheng)组(zu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)满电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)时候必(bi)须每个电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯都充满电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)了）。总(zong)之，容(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)高(gao)低不(bu)均衡不(bu)影(ying)(ying)响(xiang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)寿命，只(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)影(ying)(ying)响(xiang)整(zheng)组(zu)容(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)，所以尽量(liang)挑选容(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)相近的(de)组(zu)装。
组(zu)(zu)装(zhuang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)必须做到电(dian)(dian)(dian)极(ji)(ji)间良好的(de)欧姆接(jie)触(chu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)。就(jiu)是电(dian)(dian)(dian)线(xian)和电(dian)(dian)(dian)极(ji)(ji)接(jie)触(chu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)越(yue)小越(yue)好，否则接(jie)触(chu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)大(da)电(dian)(dian)(dian)极(ji)(ji)会发热(re)，这(zhei)个热(re)量会顺(shun)着电(dian)(dian)(dian)极(ji)(ji)传递给电(dian)(dian)(dian)芯内部(bu)影响电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)寿命。当然组(zu)(zu)装(zhuang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)大(da)的(de)表现就(jiu)是同样放(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)电(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)下电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)组(zu)(zu)压降(jiang)大(da)。（压降(jiang)一部(bu)分(fen)是电(dian)(dian)(dian)芯内阻(zu)(zu)，一部(bu)分(fen)是组(zu)(zu)装(zhuang)的(de)接(jie)触(chu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)和电(dian)(dian)(dian)线(xian)电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)）
（数(shu)据针对(dui)磷酸铁锂电池，普(pu)通3.7v电池原理相同，只是数(shu)据不(bu)同）
保(bao)护(hu)(hu)板(ban)(ban)(ban)目的是(shi)用(yong)来保(bao)护(hu)(hu)电(dian)(dian)池(chi)防止(zhi)过(guo)充电(dian)(dian)和过(guo)放电(dian)(dian)，防止(zhi)大(da)电(dian)(dian)流损坏电(dian)(dian)池(chi)，并且满电(dian)(dian)时做(zuo)电(dian)(dian)池(chi)电(dian)(dian)压均衡(heng)（均衡(heng)能力一般(ban)都(dou)比(bi)较小，所以如果有自放电(dian)(dian)大(da)的电(dian)(dian)芯保(bao)护(hu)(hu)板(ban)(ban)(ban)是(shi)很难均衡(heng)的，也有任何状态都(dou)做(zuo)均衡(heng)的保(bao)护(hu)(hu)板(ban)(ban)(ban)，就(jiu)是(shi)从(cong)开始充电(dian)(dian)就(jiu)做(zuo)均衡(heng)，好像很少）。
为了电(dian)(dian)(dian)池组寿命，建议(yi)任何时候电(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)电(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)都不(bu)要(yao)超过3.6v，意味着(zhe)保(bao)护(hu)(hu)板保(bao)护(hu)(hu)动(dong)作电(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)不(bu)高(gao)于3.6v，均衡电(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)建议(yi)3.4v-3.5v（每(mei)个电(dian)(dian)(dian)芯3.4v已经充(chong)进大(da)于99%电(dian)(dian)(dian)量了，指的静(jing)止(zhi)状态，大(da)电(dian)(dian)(dian)流充(chong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)时电(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)会升(sheng)高(gao)）。电(dian)(dian)(dian)池放电(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)护(hu)(hu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)一般(ban)2.5v以上就(jiu)可以（2v以上问题(ti)不(bu)大(da)，一般(ban)很(hen)少有机会用到(dao)完全没电(dian)(dian)(dian)，所以这个要(yao)求不(bu)高(gao)）。
充(chong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器建议最(zui)高(gao)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)（最(zui)后一步(bu)充(chong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)可以(yi)为最(zui)高(gao)恒压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)充(chong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)模式）为3.5*串数，比如(ru)16串的(de)为56v左右。平(ping)时充(chong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)可以(yi)每(mei)节(jie)(jie)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)3.4v截止充(chong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)（基(ji)本充(chong)满(man)了(le)），这(zhei)样电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)寿(shou)命(ming)(ming)有保(bao)(bao)障，但是因为保(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)板(ban)(ban)还(hai)没(mei)开始均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)衡(heng)(heng)(heng)，如(ru)果电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯有自(zi)放(fang)(fang)(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)大的(de)，会(hui)(hui)随着时间(jian)推移，表(biao)现为整组容量(liang)(liang)逐渐下(xia)降(jiang)。所(suo)以(yi)还(hai)需(xu)要(yao)定期（比如(ru)每(mei)周）把电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)每(mei)节(jie)(jie)充(chong)到3.5v-3.6v并保(bao)(bao)持几个小时（只(zhi)要(yao)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)大于均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)衡(heng)(heng)(heng)启(qi)动(dong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)就可以(yi)了(le)），自(zi)放(fang)(fang)(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)越大，均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)衡(heng)(heng)(heng)需(xu)要(yao)时间(jian)越长，自(zi)放(fang)(fang)(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)过(guo)大的(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯已经很难均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)衡(heng)(heng)(heng)，需(xu)要(yao)剔除。所(suo)以(yi)挑(tiao)(tiao)选(xuan)(xuan)保(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)板(ban)(ban)的(de)时候，尽量(liang)(liang)挑(tiao)(tiao)选(xuan)(xuan)3.6v过(guo)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)保(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)的(de)，3.5v左右启(qi)动(dong)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)衡(heng)(heng)(heng)的(de)。（市场上(shang)(shang)大部分是3.8v以(yi)上(shang)(shang)过(guo)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)保(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)，3.6v以(yi)上(shang)(shang)启(qi)动(dong)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)衡(heng)(heng)(heng)）。其实选(xuan)(xuan)择合适均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)衡(heng)(heng)(heng)启(qi)动(dong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)比保(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)还(hai)重要(yao)，因为最(zui)高(gao)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)可以(yi)靠调节(jie)(jie)充(chong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器最(zui)高(gao)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)限制（就是平(ping)时让(rang)保(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)板(ban)(ban)没(mei)机(ji)会(hui)(hui)做高(gao)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)保(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)），但如(ru)果均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)衡(heng)(heng)(heng)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)高(gao)了(le)，电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)组没(mei)机(ji)会(hui)(hui)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)衡(heng)(heng)(heng)（除非充(chong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)大于均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)衡(heng)(heng)(heng)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，但这(zhei)样影响电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)寿(shou)命(ming)(ming)），电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯因自(zi)放(fang)(fang)(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容量(liang)(liang)会(hui)(hui)慢慢下(xia)降(jiang)（自(zi)放(fang)(fang)(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)为0的(de)理想电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯是不存(cun)在的(de)）。
保(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)板(ban)持(chi)(chi)(chi)续放电(dian)电(dian)流(liu)能(neng)(neng)力。这(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)个(ge)(ge)是(shi)(shi)最不(bu)(bu)(bu)好评论的(de)东西。因为(wei)单说(shuo)保(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)板(ban)限流(liu)能(neng)(neng)力没(mei)意(yi)义。比如一个(ge)(ge)75nf75管你让它持(chi)(chi)(chi)续通(tong)过50a电(dian)流(liu)（这(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)时发热功(gong)率大概30w左右，同(tong)口板(ban)至少2个(ge)(ge)串联60w），只(zhi)要有散(san)热片足够散(san)热是(shi)(shi)没(mei)问题的(de)。可以一直保(bao)(bao)(bao)持(chi)(chi)(chi)在50a甚(shen)至更高(gao)(gao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)烧管。但是(shi)(shi)你不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)说(shuo)这(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)个(ge)(ge)保(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)板(ban)能(neng)(neng)持(chi)(chi)(chi)续50a电(dian)流(liu)。因为(wei)大家(jia)的(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)板(ban)大多都放在电(dian)池(chi)盒里面和电(dian)池(chi)离的(de)很近(jin)(jin)，甚(shen)至是(shi)(shi)近(jin)(jin)靠着。所(suo)以这(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)么高(gao)(gao)温度会(hui)导热电(dian)池(chi)升温，问题来了，高(gao)(gao)温是(shi)(shi)电(dian)池(chi)的(de)死(si)敌。
所(suo)以保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)板(ban)(ban)的(de)使用环境决定(ding)了如(ru)(ru)何(he)挑选限流大(da)小（而不(bu)是保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)板(ban)(ban)本身电(dian)(dian)流能(neng)力）。如(ru)(ru)果是把(ba)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)板(ban)(ban)从电(dian)(dian)池(chi)盒(he)拿(na)出来，那(nei)么(me)几乎随(sui)便一(yi)个(ge)带散热片的(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)板(ban)(ban)都能(neng)搞定(ding)50a持(chi)续电(dian)(dian)流甚至(zhi)更高（这(zhei)时(shi)只考虑保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)板(ban)(ban)能(neng)力，不(bu)用担心温(wen)升给电(dian)(dian)芯带来损害）。下面(mian)笔者说说大(da)家常用环境，就(jiu)是和电(dian)(dian)池(chi)在同一(yi)个(ge)密(mi)闭空(kong)间里。这(zhei)时(shi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)板(ban)(ban)的(de)最(zui)大(da)发(fa)热功率(lv)最(zui)好(hao)(hao)控制在10w以下（如(ru)(ru)果是小保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)板(ban)(ban)需(xu)要5w以下，大(da)体积保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)板(ban)(ban)可以10w以上(shang)，因(yin)为本身散热好(hao)(hao)，温(wen)度(du)(du)不(bu)会太高），至(zhi)于多少合适，建议持(chi)续电(dian)(dian)流时(shi)整个(ge)板(ban)(ban)子最(zui)高温(wen)度(du)(du)不(bu)超过60度(du)(du)（50度(du)(du)以下最(zui)好(hao)(hao)）。理论上(shang)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)板(ban)(ban)温(wen)度(du)(du)越(yue)低越(yue)好(hao)(hao)，对电(dian)(dian)芯越(yue)没(mei)影响。
同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)口(kou)板(ban)因为(wei)充电(dian)(dian)(dian)电(dian)(dian)(dian)mos串联(lian)(lian)，所以同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)样情况比异口(kou)板(ban)发(fa)(fa)(fa)热(re)(re)翻倍(bei)，为(wei)了(le)相同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)发(fa)(fa)(fa)热(re)(re)，只有管(guan)子数(shu)(shu)量(liang)高(gao)(gao)4倍(bei)（相同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)型号mos前提下）。 我们计算一下，假如50a持续(xu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)流，那(nei)么(me)mos内(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)阻(zu)(zu)为(wei)2毫(hao)欧(ou)(ou)姆（需(xu)要5个(ge)75nf75管(guan)才(cai)能得(de)到这个(ge)等(deng)效内(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)阻(zu)(zu)），发(fa)(fa)(fa)热(re)(re)功率(lv)是50*50*0.002=5w。这时(shi)是可以的(de)（其(qi)实(shi)2毫(hao)欧(ou)(ou)姆内(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)阻(zu)(zu)的(de)mos电(dian)(dian)(dian)流能力100a以上(shang)都没问(wen)题，但(dan)发(fa)(fa)(fa)热(re)(re)大）。如果(guo)(guo)是同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)口(kou)板(ban)，需(xu)要4个(ge)2毫(hao)欧(ou)(ou)姆内(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)阻(zu)(zu)mos（每2个(ge)并联(lian)(lian)内(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)阻(zu)(zu)为(wei)1毫(hao)欧(ou)(ou)姆，再串联(lian)(lian)，总(zong)内(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)阻(zu)(zu)等(deng)于(yu)2毫(hao)欧(ou)(ou)姆.如果(guo)(guo)用(yong)(yong)75管(guan)，需(xu)要总(zong)数(shu)(shu)量(liang)20只）。100a持续(xu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)流允(yun)许(xu)(xu)发(fa)(fa)(fa)热(re)(re)功率(lv)10w的(de)话，需(xu)要内(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)阻(zu)(zu)为(wei)1毫(hao)欧(ou)(ou)姆的(de)管(guan)子（当然可以通(tong)过mos并联(lian)(lian)得(de)到相同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)等(deng)效内(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)阻(zu)(zu)），如果(guo)(guo)异口(kou)板(ban)数(shu)(shu)量(liang)仍是4倍(bei)，如果(guo)(guo)100a持续(xu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)流仍最(zui)高(gao)(gao)允(yun)许(xu)(xu)5w发(fa)(fa)(fa)热(re)(re)功率(lv)，那(nei)么(me)只能用(yong)(yong)0.5毫(hao)欧(ou)(ou)姆管(guan)子，相对于(yu)50a持续(xu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)流需(xu)要数(shu)(shu)量(liang)4倍(bei)mos才(cai)能同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)样发(fa)(fa)(fa)热(re)(re)量(liang)）。所以在(zai)使用(yong)(yong)保(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)板(ban)时(shi)，为(wei)了(le)降低温(wen)度，选用(yong)(yong)内(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)阻(zu)(zu)小的(de)板(ban)子，如果(guo)(guo)内(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)阻(zu)(zu)已经确定那(nei)么(me)请尽量(liang)让板(ban)子和外(wai)界散热(re)(re)好(hao)点。挑选保(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)板(ban)别(bie)听(ting)卖家忽(hu)悠的(de)持续(xu)多(duo)(duo)(duo)少(shao)电(dian)(dian)(dian)流能力，就(jiu)问(wen)保(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)板(ban)放(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)回路(lu)总(zong)内(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)阻(zu)(zu)是多(duo)(duo)(duo)少(shao)就(jiu)可以自(zi)己算了(le)（问(wen)用(yong)(yong)的(de)什么(me)型号管(guan)子，用(yong)(yong)了(le)多(duo)(duo)(duo)少(shao)数(shu)(shu)量(liang)，自(zi)己查内(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)阻(zu)(zu)计算）。笔者(zhe)感觉如果(guo)(guo)真的(de)在(zai)卖家标称(cheng)持续(xu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)流下放(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)，保(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)板(ban)温(wen)升(sheng)应该比较(jiao)高(gao)(gao)。所以最(zui)好(hao)降额挑选保(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)板(ban)。（说50a持续(xu)，你用(yong)(yong)到30a就(jiu)好(hao)了(le)，需(xu)要50a持续(xu)的(de)，最(zui)好(hao)买80a标称(cheng)持续(xu)的(de)）。使用(yong)(yong)48v ecpu的(de)用(yong)(yong)户，建议选择(ze)保(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)板(ban)总(zong)内(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)阻(zu)(zu)不(bu)大于(yu)2毫(hao)欧(ou)(ou)姆。
同口板(ban)和异口板(ban)区别：同口板(ban)是(shi)充放电同一(yi)根线，充电和放电都(dou)受(shou)保护。
异口(kou)(kou)板(ban)是(shi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)线和放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)线独立，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)口(kou)(kou)只充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)时保(bao)(bao)护(hu)过(guo)(guo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)，如(ru)果(guo)(guo)从充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)口(kou)(kou)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)则不保(bao)(bao)护(hu)（但是(shi)完全能(neng)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，不过(guo)(guo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)口(kou)(kou)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流能(neng)力(li)一(yi)般比较小）。放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)口(kou)(kou)是(shi)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)时保(bao)(bao)护(hu)过(guo)(guo)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)，如(ru)果(guo)(guo)从放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)口(kou)(kou)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)则不保(bao)(bao)护(hu)过(guo)(guo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)（所以ecpu的(de)反(fan)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)对异口(kou)(kou)板(ban)来说是(shi)完全能(neng)用(yong)(yong)的(de)。并且反(fan)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)进的(de)能(neng)量(liang)绝对比使用(yong)(yong)的(de)少，所以不用(yong)(yong)担(dan)心(xin)因反(fan)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)过(guo)(guo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)了。除(chu)非刚(gang)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)满(man)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)出门，立即是(shi)几(ji)公(gong)里的(de)下坡，这样(yang)一(yi)直启(qi)动eabs反(fan)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)真(zhen)有可能(neng)把(ba)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)搞过(guo)(guo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)，这种情况基本不存在(zai)），不过(guo)(guo)正(zheng)常(chang)使用(yong)(yong)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)绝对不能(neng)从放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)口(kou)(kou)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，除(chu)非自己(ji)一(yi)直监控充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压（比如(ru)临时路(lu)边紧(jin)急大电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，可以从放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)口(kou)(kou)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，不需(xu)要充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)满(man)就继续骑行，不用(yong)(yong)担(dan)心(xin)过(guo)(guo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)）
算好你的电(dian)(dian)机(ji)最大持续电(dian)(dian)流(liu)，挑选(xuan)合(he)适容(rong)量或(huo)动力的电(dian)(dian)池能满足这(zhei)个持续电(dian)(dian)流(liu)而(er)(er)温升(sheng)得到(dao)控制(zhi)，选(xuan)保(bao)护(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)板(ban)内阻越小(xiao)越好。保(bao)护(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)板(ban)过流(liu)保(bao)护(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)其实只(zhi)需(xu)要短路(lu)保(bao)护(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)等(deng)非正常使(shi)用(yong)(yong)保(bao)护(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)就好了(le)（千(qian)万(wan)别想(xiang)通过保(bao)护(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)板(ban)限流(liu)来限制(zhi)控制(zhi)器或(huo)电(dian)(dian)机(ji)需(xu)要电(dian)(dian)流(liu)）。因(yin)为如果你电(dian)(dian)机(ji)需(xu)要50a电(dian)(dian)流(liu)，你非用(yong)(yong)保(bao)护(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)板(ban)限流(liu)40a，会(hui)导致经常保(bao)护(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)，控制(zhi)器突然断电(dian)(dian)反而(er)(er)容(rong)易坏(huai)控制(zhi)器。
（1）开路电(dian)压(ya)：是指非工(gong)作(zuo)状态的锂离(li)子(zi)电(dian)池的电(dian)压(ya)，此(ci)时(shi)，没(mei)有电(dian)流流过，满电(dian)时(shi)电(dian)池正负极之间(jian)的电(dian)势差通(tong)常(chang)在(zai)3.7V左右，高的可达3.8V;
（2）与开(kai)路电(dian)(dian)压相对应的是(shi)工作(zuo)电(dian)(dian)压，即工作(zuo)状态时(shi)锂离子电(dian)(dian)池的电(dian)(dian)压，此时(shi)，有电(dian)(dian)流(liu)流(liu)过，因为要克服(fu)电(dian)(dian)流(liu)流(liu)过时(shi)的内阻，所(suo)以(yi)，工作(zuo)电(dian)(dian)压总是(shi)低于满电(dian)(dian)时(shi)的电(dian)(dian)压;
（3）终止电压：即电池(chi)放到(dao)一定电压值(zhi)后不宜(yi)再继续放电，由锂(li)离子电池(chi)的结构(gou)所(suo)决定，通(tong)常由于保护板作用，放电终止时电池(chi)的电压在2.95V左右;
（4）标(biao)准(zhun)电压(ya)(ya)：从原(yuan)理上讲(jiang)， 标(biao)准(zhun)电压(ya)(ya)又叫额定电压(ya)(ya)，指电池(chi)正(zheng)负(fu)极材料发生化学反应造成的电位差的标(biao)准(zhun)值，锂离子电池(chi)的额定电压(ya)(ya)是3.7V，可见(jian)，标(biao)准(zhun)电压(ya)(ya)就是标(biao)准(zhun)的工作电压(ya)(ya);
从上述四(si)种(zhong)锂离(li)(li)子电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)压来看，工作(zuo)状(zhuang)态涉(she)及(ji)到的(de)(de)(de)锂离(li)(li)子电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)压有标准电(dian)(dian)(dian)压和(he)工作(zuo)电(dian)(dian)(dian)压，非工作(zuo)状(zhuang)态时(shi)，锂离(li)(li)子电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)压则(ze)处于(yu)开路电(dian)(dian)(dian)压和(he)终止(zhi)电(dian)(dian)(dian)压中，因为锂离(li)(li)子电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)化学反应可重复使用，因此(ci)，当(dang)锂离(li)(li)子电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)压处于(yu)终止(zhi)电(dian)(dian)(dian)压时(shi)，电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)就(jiu)要进行充电(dian)(dian)(dian)，长时(shi)间(jian)不充电(dian)(dian)(dian)就(jiu)会导(dao)致电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)寿命降低甚至报废。
联(lian)系方式：邹先生
联系(xi)电话：0755-83888366-8022
手(shou)机：18123972950
QQ：2880195519
联系地址：深圳市福田区车公庙天安数码(ma)城天吉大厦CD座(zuo)5C1
关(guan)注KIA半(ban)(ban)导体工程(cheng)专辑(ji)请搜微(wei)信号:“KIA半(ban)(ban)导体”或点击本文下方(fang)(fang)图片扫(sao)一扫(sao)进入(ru)官方(fang)(fang)微(wei)信“关(guan)注”。
关注「KIA半导体」，做(zuo)优秀(xiu)工程师(shi)！
长(zhang)按二维(wei)码识别关注
阅(yue)读(du)原文可(ke)一键关注(zhu)+技术总汇(hui)
