利盈娱乐(中国)创新平台有限公司

陶(tao)(tao)瓷(ci)变(bian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)是(shi)基于电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)-机-电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)工作机理(li)，不(bu)存在(zai)(zai)绕组和磁芯(xin)，可(ke)(ke)以做的(de)(de)很薄，使(shi)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)轻、小、薄成为(wei)可(ke)(ke)能。较为(wei)典型的(de)(de)应用(yong)(yong)是(shi)升压(ya)(ya)(ya)型压(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)陶(tao)(tao)瓷(ci)变(bian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)在(zai)(zai)冷阴极荧光灯(deng)(CCFL)驱动电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的(de)(de)应用(yong)(yong)。根据压(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)陶(tao)(tao)瓷(ci)变(bian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)等(deng)效电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)分(fen)析，压(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)变(bian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)设计需要把压(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)陶(tao)(tao)瓷(ci)变(bian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)作为(wei)影(ying)响电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)是(shi)否正常工作的(de)(de)一(yi)个重(zhong)要因素，即在(zai)(zai)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)结(jie)构(gou)选择，电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)参数确定，控(kong)制方式等(deng)方面，都需要考(kao)虑(lv)压(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)陶(tao)(tao)瓷(ci)变(bian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)。

(1)安全性(xing)好(hao)，可靠性(xing)高。而降压(ya)型压(ya)电(dian)陶瓷变压(ya)器(qi)(qi)主要应用(yong)(yong)有(you)计算机、手(shou)机、摄(she)像机等便携式(shi)电(dian)子设备的(de)(de)AC-DC适(shi)配器(qi)(qi)及各种(zhong)DC-DC模(mo)块电(dian)源(yuan)、各种(zhong)超(chao)小型模(mo)块电(dian)源(yuan)、手(shou)提(ti)充电(dian)器(qi)(qi)等。从目(mu)前(qian)发展现状(zhuang)看(kan)，升压(ya)型压(ya)电(dian)陶瓷变压(ya)器(qi)(qi)超(chao)前(qian)于(yu)降压(ya)型压(ya)电(dian)变压(ya)器(qi)(qi)，实(shi)在用(yong)(yong)程(cheng)度较为广泛。在实(shi)际应用(yong)(yong)过(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)，压(ya)电(dian)陶瓷变压(ya)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)温度会(hui)发生变化，且所(suo)带的(de)(de)负载也随时在变化，这两个因素(su)会(hui)引起(qi)压(ya)电(dian)陶瓷变压(ya)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)谐振(zhen)频(pin)率(lv)发生变化。

跟着电子技术的发展，各(ge)种便携式电(dian)子设备小型(xing)化(hua)、轻型(xing)化(hua)要求(qiu)开关电(dian)源(yuan)需知足轻、小、薄(bo)等(deng)要求(qiu)。与基于(yu)其电(dian)-磁(ci)-电(dian)能(neng)量(liang)转换机理(li)的电(dian)磁(ci)变(bian)压(ya)(ya)器(qi)比拟，拥有(you)很多上风(feng)，如没(mei)有(you)绕组线(xian)圈，不(bu)会受到电(dian)磁(ci)干扰(rao)和产生电(dian)磁(ci)干扰(rao)，压(ya)(ya)电(dian)陶瓷变(bian)压(ya)(ya)器(qi)制造可(ke)以完全实(shi)现自动(dong)化(hua)，本钱低(di)，绝缘等(deng)级高，且轻易获得高的电(dian)压(ya)(ya)传输(shu)比，非常适合小功(gong)率高压(ya)(ya)输(shu)出场合。

“逆压电(dian)(dian)(dian)效(xiao)应”相称于一台电(dian)(dian)(dian)念头，将电(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)转(zhuan)换为机(ji)械(xie)能(neng)；“正压电(dian)(dian)(dian)效(xiao)应”相称于一台发(fa)电(dian)(dian)(dian)机(ji)，将机(ji)械(xie)能(neng)转(zhuan)换为电(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)。

(2)能量传输是以高(gao)频振(zhen)动的压(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)方式实现(xian)的，不(bu)会(hui)产(chan)生电(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)干(gan)扰(EMI)，也不(bu)会(hui)受(shou)到外界(jie)的电(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)干(gan)扰。推挽逆变(bian)(bian)电(dian)(dian)(dian)路需要(yao)大电(dian)(dian)(dian)感来完成(cheng)充(chong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)和放电(dian)(dian)(dian)，对采用(yong)压(ya)(ya)陶(tao)瓷变(bian)(bian)压(ya)(ya)器使小型化电(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的上风不(bu)再存在。

目前有一种LLC谐振半桥逆变电路，，具有实现原边两个主MOS开关管的零电压开通(ZVS)和副边整流二极管的(de)零(ling)电流关断(ZCS)功能，且进入压(ya)电陶瓷变压(ya)器的(de)激励信(xin)号为正弦信(xin)号。正压(ya)电效应”实(shi)现。

全桥逆变电路使用开关元件多，而对于压电陶瓷变压器半桥逆变电路，其主电路结构有几种方式需要借助压电陶瓷变压器才能完成零电压开关驱动电源；每个开关周期，谐振(zhen)能(neng)量(liang)会在(zai)(zai)谐振(zhen)环中(zhong)(zhong)活(huo)动，终(zhong)极回(hui)送到输入当中(zhong)(zhong)去。在(zai)(zai)输入端施(shi)(shi)加交变(bian)(bian)(bian)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)时，假如(ru)交变(bian)(bian)(bian)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的频(pin)(pin)率(lv)与(yu)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)陶(tao)瓷(ci)变(bian)(bian)(bian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)的谐振(zhen)频(pin)(pin)率(lv)相(xiang)(xiang)同或接(jie)近，则压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)陶(tao)瓷(ci)变(bian)(bian)(bian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)内部形成驻波(bo)，产生大幅(fu)度的应(ying)力和位移分(fen)布,在(zai)(zai)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)陶(tao)瓷(ci)变(bian)(bian)(bian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)的输出(chu)部门泛起最(zui)大的应(ying)变(bian)(bian)(bian)，该(gai)应(ying)变(bian)(bian)(bian)则经过“正压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效应(ying)”转(zhuan)换为交变(bian)(bian)(bian)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)输出(chu)。为了(le)研究(jiu)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)陶(tao)瓷(ci)变(bian)(bian)(bian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)最(zui)优工作(zuo)时需要的激励信(xin)号特(te)性(xing)和与(yu)之(zhi)相(xiang)(xiang)匹(pi)配(pei)(pei)的电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)，用(yong)相(xiang)(xiang)应(ying)的电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)学元件等效其机械(xie)参数，其中(zhong)(zhong)Cdl为压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)陶(tao)瓷(ci)变(bian)(bian)(bian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)输入真个静(jing)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容，Cd2为压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)陶(tao)瓷(ci)变(bian)(bian)(bian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)输出(chu)真个静(jing)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容，R、L、C分(fen)别为压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)陶(tao)瓷(ci)变(bian)(bian)(bian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)的动态(tai)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻、动态(tai)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)感和动态(tai)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容。因此从电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)利用(yong)率(lv)最(zui)大化角度考虑，施(shi)(shi)加在(zai)(zai)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)陶(tao)瓷(ci)变(bian)(bian)(bian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)的激励信(xin)号需要正弦信(xin)号。因此需要一(yi)个输入匹(pi)配(pei)(pei)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)来(lai)减小(xiao)流入压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)陶(tao)瓷(ci)变(bian)(bian)(bian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)的电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流，或者(zhe)说来(lai)补偿容性(xing)阻抗。从能(neng)量(liang)转(zhuan)换的角度来(lai)看。压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)陶(tao)瓷(ci)变(bian)(bian)(bian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)的频(pin)(pin)率(lv)特(te)性(xing)，f0为压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)陶(tao)瓷(ci)变(bian)(bian)(bian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)的谐振(zhen)频(pin)(pin)率(lv)。

(3)压(ya)电陶(tao)瓷(ci)变压(ya)器输出功率较(jiao)小，目前成(cheng)熟产品功率在10 W以内，但已研究出20 W的降压(ya)型多层片式压(ya)电陶(tao)瓷(ci)变压(ya)器。

纵向振动(dong)模式压(ya)(ya)电变压(ya)(ya)器结(jie)构(gou)图(tu)，上(shang)下(xia)两(liang)面(mian)涂覆银电极(ji)(ji)，沿(yan)厚度方向极(ji)(ji)化，称为驱(qu)动(dong)部(bu)(bu)门；银电极(ji)(ji)涂在右端，沿(yan)长度方向极(ji)(ji)化的右半部(bu)(bu)门称为发电部(bu)(bu)门。输(shu)(shu)入匹配电路(lu)(lu)的设计主要由压(ya)(ya)电陶瓷(ci)变压(ya)(ya)器的输(shu)(shu)入阻抗(kang)和开(kai)关变换电路(lu)(lu)的输(shu)(shu)出阻抗(kang)决(jue)定。

压(ya)电陶瓷变(bian)压(ya)器有(you)纵向振(zhen)(zhen)动(dong)(dong)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)(Rosen型(xing))、厚度振(zhen)(zhen)动(dong)(dong)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)、径向振(zhen)(zhen)动(dong)(dong)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)和(he)弯曲振(zhen)(zhen)动(dong)(dong)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)等几种类型(xing)。

(4)压电陶瓷变压器的工作机(ji)能要受其(qi)安装工艺影响。

(5)功率(lv)转换效率(lv)一(yi)般(ban)可达95％，最高可达98％。

电磁式变压器是低级绕组和次级绕组通过电磁耦合来传递能量，而压电陶瓷变压器是借助压电陶瓷材料的“逆压电效应”和。因此需要施加在压电陶瓷变压器的激励信号频率与变压器谐振频率保持一致。这些送回去的能量越多，半导体开关器(qi)(qi)件(jian)承受的(de)(de)(de)(de)应力就越(yue)大(da)，在(zai)电(dian)路中(zhong)损失的(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)量(liang)也越(yue)多(duo)；串联电(dian)感，与变压(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)静态电(dian)容(rong)一起(qi)，可以保证压(ya)(ya)电(dian)变压(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)工作在(zai)较好的(de)(de)(de)(de)状态，但在(zai)设计(ji)上(shang)存(cun)在(zai)一定限制(zhi)。若(ruo)方波信(xin)号基波频率为(wei)压(ya)(ya)电(dian)陶(tao)瓷变压(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)谐振(zhen)频率，那么方波中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)高次谐波作用(yong)时，压(ya)(ya)电(dian)陶(tao)瓷变压(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)处于非(fei)谐振(zhen)状态，对压(ya)(ya)电(dian)变化的(de)(de)(de)(de)有效性没有积极作用(yong)，即这(zhei)部门电(dian)能(neng)(neng)并没加强延长(zhang)度方向的(de)(de)(de)(de)振(zhen)幅。

根据压(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)变(bian)(bian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)器的(de)等效电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)，当压(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)变(bian)(bian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)器处于谐(xie)振(zhen)状(zhuang)态时(shi)，从输(shu)入(ru)端看(kan)进(jin)去，相称于一个(ge)容性(xing)负载(zai)。它(ta)采用不燃烧的(de)压(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)陶(tao)瓷(ci)制成(cheng)，没有(you)磁(ci)(ci)芯和(he)绕组，不存在(zai)磁(ci)(ci)饱(bao)和(he)题目，不会因(yin)负载(zai)短路(lu)而(er)烧毁(hui)。因(yin)此在(zai)设计电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)参数(shu)时(shi)，基本(ben)没把电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)变(bian)(bian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)器参数(shu)考(kao)虑进(jin)去，只是在(zai)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)确定后才考(kao)虑变(bian)(bian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)器设计。而(er)在(zai)开关电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)中，传(chuan)统电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)式变(bian)(bian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)器和(he)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)感的(de)体积和(he)重量是整个(ge)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的(de)主要部门。通过前面分析可知，压(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)陶(tao)瓷(ci)变(bian)(bian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)器需(xu)要施(shi)加正(zheng)弦激励(li)信号。假如电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)输(shu)出固定频(pin)率(lv)(lv)的(de)激励(li)信号，不能(neng)跟踪压(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)陶(tao)瓷(ci)变(bian)(bian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)器的(de)谐(xie)振(zhen)频(pin)率(lv)(lv)，那么压(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)陶(tao)瓷(ci)变(bian)(bian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)器谐(xie)振(zhen)频(pin)率(lv)(lv)变(bian)(bian)化时(shi)，其转换效率(lv)(lv)因(yin)不能(neng)工作在(zai)谐(xie)振(zhen)状(zhuang)态下大大降低，甚至不工作。

(6)MOS开关电源采用(yong)压(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)陶(tao)瓷变(bian)(bian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)，其电(dian)(dian)路必需(xu)与陶(tao)瓷变(bian)(bian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的参数相配合才(cai)能(neng)有效工作，因此(ci)可(ke)调性差，电(dian)(dian)路设计也较(jiao)复杂。冷阴极荧光灯(deng)(CCFL)驱动(dong)电(dian)(dian)源(yuan)特点通常是输(shu)(shu)入电(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)低，输(shu)(shu)出电(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)很高(gao)，达到1kV，但(dan)是输(shu)(shu)出功率比较(jiao)小，为了得到较(jiao)高(gao)的输(shu)(shu)出电(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)，传统的电(dian)(dian)磁变(bian)(bian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)需(xu)要匝(za)数数目(mu)较(jiao)大，且绕组线径非(fei)常小，给(ji)制造(zao)带来一(yi)定(ding)难度，且存在安全隐患，而用(yong)压(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)陶(tao)瓷变(bian)(bian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)很轻易实现(xian)。电(dian)(dian)能(neng)-机械能(neng)-电(dian)(dian)能(neng)”的转(zhuan)换(huan)，完成能(neng)量传递的目(mu)的。

在实际的应用中，假如(ru)电(dian)压(ya)调节范(fan)围比较大，固然可通过PFM调节方(fang)法(fa)实现(xian)，但这种方(fang)法(fa)不仅调节范(fan)围窄，而且影响压(ya)电(dian)冉瓷变压(ya)器的最佳(jia)工作(zuo)状态(tai)。

主电路设计

在(zai)(zai)选用(yong)传统电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)变(bian)压(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)开关(guan)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路设计中(zhong)，通(tong)常(chang)是(shi)根据其传输(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)功(gong)率、电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源输(shu)(shu)入特(te)点、输(shu)(shu)出(chu)特(te)点，是(shi)否要求(qiu)输(shu)(shu)入输(shu)(shu)出(chu)隔离等(deng)要求(qiu)来选择工作电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路的(de)(de)拓扑结(jie)构，再根据选用(yong)的(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路结(jie)构，输(shu)(shu)出(chu)功(gong)率等(deng)要求(qiu)设计电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)变(bian)压(ya)器(qi)，确定磁(ci)(ci)芯、绕组(zu)组(zu)数、线圈线径(jing)和匝数等(deng)各项(xiang)参数。在(zai)(zai)这个(ge)能量(liang)传递过程中(zhong)，首先(xian)是(shi)施加在(zai)(zai)压(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)陶瓷(ci)变(bian)压(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)交(jiao)流电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能在(zai)(zai)“逆(ni)压(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效应”的(de)(de)作用(yong)下转换成压(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)陶瓷(ci)材料的(de)(de)振(zhen)念头械能，然后(hou)又在(zai)(zai)“正压(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效应”作用(yong)下立刻将这种机械能转换为交(jiao)流电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能输(shu)(shu)出(chu)。

因此在要(yao)求调节范围大的应用场合(he)可通(tong)过PWM与PFM共同完成。

压电陶瓷变压器(qi)的特(te)点

把(ba)压(ya)电变(bian)(bian)压(ya)器(qi)等(deng)效成一个线性(xing)网络，施(shi)加方(fang)(fang)波(bo)(bo)信号在压(ya)电陶瓷(ci)变(bian)(bian)压(ya)器(qi)上，在压(ya)电陶瓷(ci)变(bian)(bian)压(ya)器(qi)上的(de)响应(ying)为方(fang)(fang)波(bo)(bo)信号的(de)各次谐波(bo)(bo)的(de)响应(ying)叠加。目前频率跟踪(zong)方(fang)(fang)式如表1所示。

基于压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)陶(tao)瓷(ci)变(bian)(bian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)开关(guan)电(dian)(dian)源的主电(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)结(jie)构(gou)与传统(tong)电(dian)(dian)磁开关(guan)电(dian)(dian)源的主电(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)结(jie)构(gou)一样，仍(reng)旧有回扫逆变(bian)(bian)电(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)、推挽(wan)逆变(bian)(bian)电(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)、全桥(qiao)逆变(bian)(bian)电(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)，半桥(qiao)逆变(bian)(bian)电(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)几种拓扑(pu)结(jie)构(gou)。如图4所示，回扫逆变(bian)(bian)电(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)仍(reng)需要(yao)(yao)电(dian)(dian)磁变(bian)(bian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)来实现正弦信号天(tian)生。升压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)型(xing)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)陶(tao)瓷(ci)变(bian)(bian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)主要(yao)(yao)应用(yong)还有液晶显示器(qi)(LCD)背(bei)光照明、电(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)警棍、负(fu)离子(zi)(zi)发生器(qi)、臭(chou)氧发生器(qi)、静电(dian)(dian)喷漆、静电(dian)(dian)除尘、静电(dian)(dian)复印机、扫描电(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)显微(wei)镜(jing)等高压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)发生装置中。其中升压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)型(xing)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)变(bian)(bian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)以(yi)纵向振动模式(shi)(Rosen型(xing))为代表(biao)，是目(mu)前应用(yong)最(zui)广(guang)的压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)变(bian)(bian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)，而(er)降(jiang)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)输出场(chang)合(he)常用(yong)的是厚度(du)振动模式(shi)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)陶(tao)瓷(ci)变(bian)(bian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)。因(yin)此要(yao)(yao)求主电(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)的输出频率能(neng)跟踪压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)陶(tao)瓷(ci)变(bian)(bian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的谐(xie)振频率。

(8)不产生反(fan)峰(feng)电压，输出(chu)尺(chi)度正弦波电压。

(9)能实现体积小、重量轻、超薄(bo)型(xing)，最相宜(yi)片式化。尽管目前(qian)泛起了平面电磁变(bian)(bian)压器，或能够集成(cheng)PCB板上(shang)的(de)(de)小型(xing)变(bian)(bian)压器，在一定程度上(shang)能实现减(jian)小高度和尺寸(cun)的(de)(de)目的(de)(de)，但仍旧难(nan)以(yi)知足轻、小、薄(bo)的(de)(de)要求(qiu)。

整个压(ya)电陶瓷变压(ya)器(qi)分为(wei)(wei)两部(bu)门(men)，左半部(bu)门(men)为(wei)(wei)输入端，其(qi)上(shang)下面有烧(shao)渗的阴极，沿(yan)厚度方向(xiang)极化；右半部(bu)门(men)为(wei)(wei)输出端，沿(yan)长(zhang)度方向(xiang)极化，右墙面有烧(shao)渗的阴极。

压(ya)电陶瓷变(bian)压(ya)器是一个谐振体，表(biao)示(shi)当激(ji)励信(xin)号(hao)的频率与变(bian)压(ya)器的谐振频率一致(zhi)时，压(ya)电变(bian)压(ya)器处于谐振状态，从图l可知(zhi)，此时延长度(du)方向振幅最大，压(ya)电变(bian)化才最有效。